磷酯酰丝氨酸联合EPA、DHA共同抵御神经损伤，

让老年人远离阿尔兹海默症

【文献解读】

已有研究发现，A-β（淀粉样蛋白）的沉积是AD（阿尔兹海默病）病人脑内老年斑周边神经元变性和死亡的主要原因。2021年3月，中国海洋大学和中国山东青岛海洋科学与技术国家重点实验室研究团队在期刊《Food & Function》上发表了文章，用细胞模型探究磷脂酰丝氨酸（PS）对A-β诱导的AD的作用。研究表明，富含的PS的EPA（二十碳五烯酸）和DHA（二十二碳六烯酸）具有显著的预防和减缓AD进展的作用。

该团队在试验中以胆固醇为原料制备了EPA-PS和DHA-PS脂质体，并利用APP/PS1双转染细胞模型评价了它们对A-β产生的影响。结果显示，EPA-PS和DHA-PS均能显著抑制A-β的产生，促进原代海马神经元突起的生长。此外，EPA-PS和DHA-PS通过抑制线粒体依赖的凋亡途径和抑制应激活化蛋白激酶的磷酸化，显著保护原代培养的海马神经元免受A-β的神经毒性。因此，EPA-PS和DHA-PS能显著保护大脑免受A-β损伤，从而预防缓解AD进展。

该研究表明，富含PS的DHA和EPA可以抵制A-β对大脑的损害，以达到预防和缓解A-β诱发的AD。本研究结果可为AD的预防提供膳食指导，也可为相关功能食品的开发提供参考。

【文献节选】

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-dependent, irreversible neurodegenerative disease, and one of the pathological features is amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Previous studies have shown that phosphatidylserine (PS) enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) exhibited significant effects in preventing and alleviating the progress of AD. However, no studies have focused on the differences in the preventive effects on AD between EPA-PS and DHA-PS. Here, the effects of EPA-PS and DHA-PS on Aβ production, Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and Aβ clearance have been studied. The results show that DHA-PS significantly reduced Aβ production in CHO-APP/PS1 cells compared to EPA-PS. Moreover, both EPA-PS and DHA-PS significantly protected the primary hippocampal neurons against Aβ-induced toxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway and phosphorylation of JNK and p38. Compared to DHA-PS, EPA-PS administration significantly improved the Aβ phagocytic capacity of BV2 cells. In addition, EPA-PS and DHA-PS significantly promoted the neurite outgrowth of primary hippocampal neurons. These findings might provide dietary guidance for the prevention of AD as well as a reference for the development of related functional foods.